Maturita 2026

Vzhled

Stáhnout jako MD

Work ​

1. Why we work ​

  • To earn money for living costs (food, housing, bills).
  • For self-fulfilment – using skills and talents.
  • For a sense of purpose and identity.
  • To meet people and be part of a team.
  • To contribute to society.

2. Types of jobs ​

  • By sector:
    • Primary – agriculture, mining, forestry.
    • Secondary – industry, manufacturing, construction.
    • Tertiary – services (retail, transport, IT, healthcare, education).
    • Quaternary – knowledge-based jobs (research, IT, finance).
  • By skill level: manual labour, skilled trades, professional, executive.

3. Common professions ​

  • Healthcare: doctor, nurse, surgeon, dentist, pharmacist.
  • Education: teacher, lecturer, professor, school assistant.
  • Tech / IT: programmer, software developer, sysadmin, data analyst, web designer, IT consultant.
  • Engineering: mechanical engineer, electrical engineer, civil engineer.
  • Trades: electrician, plumber, carpenter, mechanic, welder.
  • Services: waiter, cook, hairdresser, shop assistant, driver.
  • Office: accountant, lawyer, manager, HR specialist, secretary.
  • Creative: designer, photographer, journalist, musician, architect.
  • Public: police officer, firefighter, soldier, civil servant.

4. Types of employment ​

  • Full-time – usually 40 hours / week.
  • Part-time – fewer hours, flexible.
  • Temporary / contract / freelance / self-employed (OSVČ).
  • Internship / traineeship – often during studies.
  • Shift work – mornings / afternoons / nights, common in factories and hospitals.
  • Remote work / home office / hybrid – grew massively after COVID.

5. Looking for a job ​

  • Search on portals (jobs.cz, LinkedIn, Indeed, prace.cz).
  • Write a CV (resume in AmE) and a cover letter.
  • Attend a job interview.
  • After hiring: sign a contract, agree on salary and benefits.
  • Trial / probation period is usually 3 months in CZ.

6. Working day ​

  • Typical office day: 8 am – 4 pm or 9 am – 5 pm, with a lunch break.
  • Tasks: answering emails, meetings, working on projects, calls, reports.
  • Tools: computer, phone, software (Office, Slack, Teams, Zoom).
  • Breaks for coffee / lunch are important for productivity.

7. Pay and benefits ​

  • Gross salary – before tax; net salary – take-home.
  • Average wage in CZ: about 45,000 CZK gross / month.
  • 13th salary – bonus in some companies.
  • Benefits: meal vouchers (stravenky), Multisport card, sick days, training, company car / phone / laptop.
  • Tax + social and health insurance are deducted automatically.

8. Workers’ rights ​

  • Working week: max. 40 hours.
  • Minimum wage (CZ: ~20,800 CZK / month in 2026).
  • Paid holiday: at least 4 weeks / year.
  • Maternity / paternity leave – up to 3 years in CZ (paid partly).
  • Health & safety at work, sick leave.
  • Trade unions (odbory).

9. Unemployment ​

  • Officially you register at the Labour Office (Úřad práce).
  • Unemployment benefit for a limited period.
  • Causes: automation, recession, lack of skills, location.
  • CZ has one of the lowest unemployment rates in the EU (around 3 %).

10. Future of work ​

  • Automation & AI replace routine jobs but create new ones.
  • More remote and flexible work.
  • Gig economy – Uber, Wolt, freelance platforms.
  • Focus on lifelong learning and re-skilling.
  • More attention to work–life balance and mental health at work.

11. My future career ​

  • I’d like to work in IT, ideally as a programmer / web developer / sysadmin.
  • After the maturita I plan to study at TUL / start working straight away.
  • I want a job that is interesting, creative and reasonably paid.
  • I don’t want a boring office job that I’d hate every Monday.

12. Useful phrases ​

  • I work as a… / for…
  • I’m looking for a job in…
  • My job involves…
  • I get on well with my colleagues / boss.
  • I work 9 to 5 / shifts / from home.
  • I earn about… (per month / per year).

13. Speaking strategy ​

Start with why people work. List job sectors and a few professions. Talk about employment types (full-time / part-time / remote). Mention CVs and interviews. Compare jobs in CZ with UK / US briefly. End with your own future career plans.