# Sport
### 1. Why people do sport

- To **keep fit, stay healthy, lose weight**.
- To **meet people** and play in / on a team.
- To learn a new skill, to be outside, to breathe fresh air.
- To **release stress** and improve mental health.

### 2. Classification

- **Individual vs. team sports** – running vs. football.
- **Summer vs. winter sports** – tennis vs. skiing.
- **Indoor vs. outdoor** – squash vs. athletics.
- **Leisure vs. extreme** – walking vs. paragliding.
- **Amateur vs. professional.**

### 3. Ball sports

- **Football / soccer** – pitch, two goals, very popular in CZ and worldwide.
- **Rugby** – egg-shaped ball, very physical, popular in UK / NZ.
- **American football** – pads & helmets, played in the USA.
- **Basketball** – court with two hoops, throw ball into the net.
- **Tennis / squash** – court, racket, ball.
- **Floorball (in CZ very popular)** – stick and ball in a gym.
- **Golf** – hit a small ball into a hole with a club.
- **Volleyball, handball, baseball, cricket.**

### 4. Water sports

- **Swimming, diving** – swimming pool.
- **Canoeing / kayaking / rafting** – river or lake.
- **Sailing** – needs wind and a big body of water.
- **Surfing, windsurfing, kitesurfing** – at the sea.
- **Fishing** – leisure activity.

### 5. Winter sports

- **Skiing, snowboarding** – need skis / a snowboard, boots, poles, helmet.
- **Ice hockey** – rink, skates, puck, hockey stick, pads. Very popular in CZ and Canada.
- **Ice skating, figure skating.**
- **Cross-country skiing (XC).**
- **Curling, biathlon.**

### 6. Extreme sports

- White-water rafting, hang-gliding, paragliding, kite surfing, parkour, ice climbing, bungee jumping, base jumping.
- **Pros:** adrenaline, sense of achievement.
- **Cons:** dangerous, expensive equipment.

### 7. My sport routine

- *I play / go / do… (football / running / yoga) every day / twice a week / at weekends.*
- *I play football on a team. / I go to the gym / go swimming / go horseback riding.*
- *I take a dance class / I do karate.*
- If you’re not active: *I don’t play sports because I don’t have time / don’t enjoy it / prefer reading.*

### 8. Famous sporting events

- **Olympic Games** – every 4 years, summer and winter.
- **FIFA World Cup** – football, every 4 years.
- **UEFA Champions League** – top European football clubs.
- **Wimbledon, US Open, French Open, Australian Open** – tennis Grand Slams.
- **Super Bowl** – American football final.
- **Tour de France** – cycling.
- **NHL Stanley Cup** – ice hockey.

### 9. Czech sports

- **Ice hockey** is the national sport – Jaromír Jágr, Dominik Hašek, David Pastrňák.
- **Football** – Pavel Nedvěd, Petr Čech, Patrik Schick.
- **Tennis** – Martina Navrátilová, Petra Kvitová, Karolína Plíšková.
- **Athletics** – Jarmila Kratochvílová, Roman Šebrle.
- **Skiing / biathlon** – Ester Ledecká (double Olympic gold), Markéta Davidová.

### 10. Sport in English-speaking countries

- **UK:** football, rugby, cricket, tennis (Wimbledon), golf, horse racing.
- **USA:** baseball (national pastime), American football, basketball (NBA), ice hockey.
- **Canada:** ice hockey (NHL), curling, lacrosse, skiing.
- **Australia:** Australian football (AFL), cricket, rugby, surfing, swimming.
- **New Zealand:** rugby (All Blacks), cricket, sailing.
- **Ireland:** Gaelic football, hurling, rugby, football.

### 11. Pros & cons of competitive sport

- **Pros:** discipline, teamwork, leadership, fitness, fair play.
- **Cons:** pressure, injury risk, doping, expensive equipment, time-consuming.

### 12. Useful vocabulary

- to score a goal / point, to win / lose / draw, opponent, referee, coach, team, fan / supporter, stadium, pitch / court / rink, tournament, championship, league, match / game.

### 13. Speaking strategy

Start with the value of sport (health, social). List a few categories with examples. Talk about what you personally do. Name 2–3 famous Czech athletes and 1 big event. Finish with your favourite sport to watch vs. play.