# Canada 🇨🇦
### 1. Basic Demographics & Geography

- **Area:** Approximately 10 million square kilometres (the second largest country in the world).
    
- **Population:** Around 38 million people.
    
- **Capital:** Ottawa.
    
- **Official Languages:** It is a bilingual country – English and French. French is mainly spoken in the province of Québec.
    

### 2. Landscape & Climate

- **Geography:** The landscape is highly diverse, featuring lots of lakes, lowlands, and highlands.
    
- **Climate:** It varies heavily depending on the region. There is an extremely cold climate in the north, but it transitions into mild summers in the south.
    

### 3. Political System (Your strong point)

- Canada is a member of the **British Commonwealth**.
    
- **De jure (Officially):** It is a constitutional monarchy. The head of state is King Charles III, who is represented locally by the Governor General.
    
- **De facto (In practice):** It is a parliamentary federal democracy divided into **10 provinces and 3 territories**.
    
- **Separation of Powers:**
    
    - **Executive power:** The Government, led by the Prime Minister (currently Justin Trudeau).
        
    - **Legislative power:** The Parliament, which consists of two chambers: the House of Commons and the Senate.
        
    - **Judicial power:** Independent courts, with the highest authority being the Supreme Court.
        

### 4. Economy (Industry & Agriculture)

- **Natural Resources:** The economy relies heavily on mining, forestry, and petroleum (oil).
    
- **Other Sectors:** Engineering, agriculture (growing crops), and a massive tourism sector.
    

### 5. Culture & Points of Interest (POIs)

- **Famous Destinations:** Niagara Falls (one of the most famous tourist destinations in the world) and the city of Vancouver.
    
- **National Sports:** Ice hockey is their official winter sport, and Lacrosse is their official summer sport.
    

**Speaking Strategy for the Exam:**

Start with the basic facts (population, languages, climate). Then, spend the majority of your time on the political system. Using Latin terms like _de jure_ and _de facto_ alongside terms like _executive, legislative, and judicial power_ will make you sound incredibly well-prepared and educated. You can finish off by mentioning their natural resources and love for ice hockey.

What is the next topic on your list?